An article in the New York Times (May 1,2013) describes the city of Oslo’s success in using garbage, with recyclable content removed, to generate heat and electricity. With half the city and all schools supplied by garbage generated energy, supply sources have required importing garbage from England, Ireland and Sweden. British landfill taxes also justify garbage exports to Norway. Does importing garbage to generate energy to save fossil fuel use in Oslo justify this supply chain ? Would a focus on reducing energy use be more justified than importing garbage ? Given Norway’s exports of oil and gas, and its coal reserves, does this energy generation approach make long term economic sense ?